The full wave pn junction rectifier is one of the most popular electrical components used in electronic circuits, but how does it actually work? To really get a handle on how this device functions, it's helpful to draw the circuit diagram and understand it in terms of its main components.
A full wave pn junction rectifier consists of two pn junctions that are connected in series. Each of these junctions has an anode, a cathode and an area of shared semiconductor material between them. Each junction acts like a diode, allowing current to flow in one direction only. One junction allows current to flow from the anode to the cathode, and the other junction allows current to flow from the cathode to the anode.
The circuit also includes a transformer, which has two separate coils - a primary coil and a secondary coil. The primary coil is connected to the power source (AC) and the secondary coil is connected to the pn junction rectifier. When an alternating current is applied to the primary coil of the transformer, it produces an alternating magnetic field. This magnetic field then induces an AC voltage in the secondary coil, which is then rectified by the pn junction rectifier.
When current flows through the two pn junction rectifier circuits, they act like two diodes, allowing current to flow in one direction only. By connecting the two diodes in series, the rectified voltage is produced. This rectified voltage has no alternating current component, so it is referred to as a DC voltage.
By drawing the circuit diagram and understanding the components involved, it’s easy to get a better understanding of how a full wave pn junction rectifier works. Essentially, it is a device that converts an AC voltage into a DC voltage by rectifying the current. It is an essential component in many electronic systems, and is commonly used in power supplies, motor drivers and various other applications.
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